The extraordinary life of Maria Goeppert-Mayer and her first scientific discovery
two-photon absorption
Keywords:
two-photon absorption, IR780, laser, quantum mechanics, non-linear optics
Abstract
This manuscript gives an insight into the life of a little-known female scientist who, nevertheless, made significant contributions to 20th-century physics: Maria Goeppert-Mayer. Besides putting context into her life and work, we explain the first physical phenomenon she analyzed in her scientific career, known as two-photon absorption. In addition, some background information is given, such as quantum mechanics and the energy levels of substances. Other modern developments, such as the creation of the laser and novel applications of two-photon absorption, are examined.
Downloads
Download data is not yet available.
References
[Aboites, 1991] Aboites, V. (1991). El láser. Fondo de Cultura Económica, primera edición.
[Alves et al., 2018] Alves, C. G., Lima-Sousa, R., de Melo-Diogo, D., Louro, R. O., and Correia, I. J. (2018). IR780 based nanomaterials for cancer imaging and photothermal, photodynamic and combinatorial therapies. International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 542(1-2):164–175.
[Beauty of Science, 2016] Beauty of Science (2016). Envisioning chemistry: Elemental burning. https://vimeo.com/186409285. Visto: 15-02-2022.
[Beauty of Science, 2017] Beauty of Science (2017). Envisioning chemistry: Elemental burning II. https://youtu.be/qJauE3QYHgw. Visto: 15-02-2022.
[Cetto, 1987] Cetto, A. M. (1987). La luz en la naturaleza y en el laboratorio. Fondo de Cultura Económica, primera edición.
[Flores Valdés, 1997] Flores Valdés, J. (1997). I: Niels Bohr: Puente entre la física clásica y la moderna. En Niels Bohr: Científico, filósofo, humanista. Fondo de Cultura Económica, segunda edición.
[Grzybowski y Pietrzak, 2013] Grzybowski, A. and Pietrzak, K. (2013). Maria Goeppert-Mayer (1906-1972): two-photon effect on dermatology. Clinics in dermatology, 31(2):221–225.
[Guarín et al., 2021] Guarín, C. A., Mendoza-Luna, L. G., Haro-Poniatowski, E., and Hernández-Pozos, J. L. (2021). Two-photon absorption spectrum and characterization of the upper electronic states of the dye IR780. Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy, 249:119291.
[Ibarra Villalón et al., 2018] Ibarra Villalón, H. E., Pottiez, O., and Gómez-Vieyra, A. (2018). El camino hacia la luz láser. Revista Mexicana de Física E, 64 (Diciembre):100–107.
[Kaiser y Garrett, 1961] Kaiser, W. and Garrett, C. G. (1961). Two-photon excitation in CaF2: Eu2+. Physical Review Letters, 7(6):229–231.
[Mendoza-Luna et al., 2019] Mendoza-Luna, L. G., Guarín, C. A., Haro, E., and Hernández, J. L. (2019). El nuevo sistema láser de pulsos ultracortos de la UAM Iztapalapa. Boletín de la Sociedad Mexicana de Física, 33(1):31–41.
[MIT OCW, 2013] MIT OCW (2013). Elements on fire — MIT chemistry behind the magic. https://youtu.be/_erP4SBOXRI. Visto: 15-02-2022.
[Nobel Prize Outreach, 2022] Nobel Prize Outreach (2022). Maria Goeppert Mayer – Biographical. NobelPrize.org. Nobel Prize
Outreach AB 2022. https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1963/mayer/biographical. Visto: 14-02-2022.
[O’Donoghue, 2019] O’Donoghue, J. (2019). Light speed – fast, but slow. https://twitter.com/physicsJ/status/1178674298141020161?s=20. Visto: 22-12-2021.
[Saldaña López et al., 2020] Saldaña López, A., Maibohm, C., Silvestre, O. F., and Nieder, J. B. (2020). Polimerización de dos fotones, una tecnología interdisciplinar: de la innovación en investigación biomédica a los dispositivos fotónicos integrados. Revista Española de Física, 34(2):23–28.
[UNESCO, 2021] UNESCO (2021). Just 30% of the world’s researchers are women. What’s the situation in your country? https://en.unesco.org/news/ just-30-world’sresearchers-are-womenwhats-situation-your-country. Visto: 17- 02-2022.
[Wang et al., 2016] Wang, K., Zhang, Y., Wang, J., Yuan, A., Sun, M., Wu, J., and Hu, Y. (2016). Self-assembled IR780- loaded transferrin nanoparticles as an imaging, targeting and PDT/PTT agent for cancer therapy. Scientific Reports, 6(March):1–11.
[Alves et al., 2018] Alves, C. G., Lima-Sousa, R., de Melo-Diogo, D., Louro, R. O., and Correia, I. J. (2018). IR780 based nanomaterials for cancer imaging and photothermal, photodynamic and combinatorial therapies. International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 542(1-2):164–175.
[Beauty of Science, 2016] Beauty of Science (2016). Envisioning chemistry: Elemental burning. https://vimeo.com/186409285. Visto: 15-02-2022.
[Beauty of Science, 2017] Beauty of Science (2017). Envisioning chemistry: Elemental burning II. https://youtu.be/qJauE3QYHgw. Visto: 15-02-2022.
[Cetto, 1987] Cetto, A. M. (1987). La luz en la naturaleza y en el laboratorio. Fondo de Cultura Económica, primera edición.
[Flores Valdés, 1997] Flores Valdés, J. (1997). I: Niels Bohr: Puente entre la física clásica y la moderna. En Niels Bohr: Científico, filósofo, humanista. Fondo de Cultura Económica, segunda edición.
[Grzybowski y Pietrzak, 2013] Grzybowski, A. and Pietrzak, K. (2013). Maria Goeppert-Mayer (1906-1972): two-photon effect on dermatology. Clinics in dermatology, 31(2):221–225.
[Guarín et al., 2021] Guarín, C. A., Mendoza-Luna, L. G., Haro-Poniatowski, E., and Hernández-Pozos, J. L. (2021). Two-photon absorption spectrum and characterization of the upper electronic states of the dye IR780. Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy, 249:119291.
[Ibarra Villalón et al., 2018] Ibarra Villalón, H. E., Pottiez, O., and Gómez-Vieyra, A. (2018). El camino hacia la luz láser. Revista Mexicana de Física E, 64 (Diciembre):100–107.
[Kaiser y Garrett, 1961] Kaiser, W. and Garrett, C. G. (1961). Two-photon excitation in CaF2: Eu2+. Physical Review Letters, 7(6):229–231.
[Mendoza-Luna et al., 2019] Mendoza-Luna, L. G., Guarín, C. A., Haro, E., and Hernández, J. L. (2019). El nuevo sistema láser de pulsos ultracortos de la UAM Iztapalapa. Boletín de la Sociedad Mexicana de Física, 33(1):31–41.
[MIT OCW, 2013] MIT OCW (2013). Elements on fire — MIT chemistry behind the magic. https://youtu.be/_erP4SBOXRI. Visto: 15-02-2022.
[Nobel Prize Outreach, 2022] Nobel Prize Outreach (2022). Maria Goeppert Mayer – Biographical. NobelPrize.org. Nobel Prize
Outreach AB 2022. https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1963/mayer/biographical. Visto: 14-02-2022.
[O’Donoghue, 2019] O’Donoghue, J. (2019). Light speed – fast, but slow. https://twitter.com/physicsJ/status/1178674298141020161?s=20. Visto: 22-12-2021.
[Saldaña López et al., 2020] Saldaña López, A., Maibohm, C., Silvestre, O. F., and Nieder, J. B. (2020). Polimerización de dos fotones, una tecnología interdisciplinar: de la innovación en investigación biomédica a los dispositivos fotónicos integrados. Revista Española de Física, 34(2):23–28.
[UNESCO, 2021] UNESCO (2021). Just 30% of the world’s researchers are women. What’s the situation in your country? https://en.unesco.org/news/ just-30-world’sresearchers-are-womenwhats-situation-your-country. Visto: 17- 02-2022.
[Wang et al., 2016] Wang, K., Zhang, Y., Wang, J., Yuan, A., Sun, M., Wu, J., and Hu, Y. (2016). Self-assembled IR780- loaded transferrin nanoparticles as an imaging, targeting and PDT/PTT agent for cancer therapy. Scientific Reports, 6(March):1–11.
Published
2023-06-01
How to Cite
Baza-Medina, R., Mendoza-Luna, L. G., Guarín-Durán, C. A., Haro-Poniatowski, E., & Hernández-Posos, J. L. (2023). The extraordinary life of Maria Goeppert-Mayer and her first scientific discovery: two-photon absorption. Contactos, Revista De Educación En Ciencias E Ingeniería, (129), 29-38. Retrieved from https://contactos.izt.uam.mx/index.php/contactos/article/view/281
Section
Artículos
