El  polaritón, cuando la luz se vuelve líquida

Miguel Angel  Bastarrachea Magnani

Miguel Angel Bastarrachea Magnani Departamento de Física, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa

Keywords: polariton, exciton, semiconductor, Bose-Einstein condensate, quantum technologies

Abstract

This work explains the concept of polariton, a quantum quasiparticle that results from the strong coupling between light and matter and that, thanks to its hybrid character, has become a tool not only for the understanding of fundamental phenomena in quantum, condensed matter, and atomic physics but also for the design of new quantum technologies. In particular, the case of exciton-polaritons in semiconductor microcavities is reviewed, which by virtue of the strong interactions that can be generated between them and that result in novel nonlinear optical effects, their out-of-equilibrium character, their ability to form quantum macroscopic states as condensates and superfluids, and its potential to integrate new light-matter quasiparticles have earned the name of quantum fluids of light.

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